Reforma do ensino médio pode encarecer mensalidade das escolas privadas
As mudanças propostas pelo Ministério da Educação para o ensino médio brasileiro foram publicadas no Diário Oficial da União, como medida provisória, na tarde desta sexta-feira (23). Apesar disso, a certeza de que é necessário reformular o “ensino obsoleto” dá lugar à preocupação por parte de pais de alunos, estudantes e por parte do Sindicato dos Estabelecimentos de Ensino no Estado de Pernambuco (Sinepe), que vê na reforma a possibilidade de aumento das mensalidades nas escolas particulares.
Foto: Suami Dias/ GOVBA
Uma das mudanças propostas pela MP da reforma do ensino médio, que abrange escolas públicas e privadas, é o aumento da carga horária de horas/aula. O número, que atualmente corresponde às 800 h/a, passaria para 1400 h/a e consequentemente esticaria a permanência dos estudantes nas instituições de ensino e o aumento de horas trabalhadas pelo professores. “Naturalmente, as escolas privadas de Pernambuco, principalmente no terceiro ano do ensino médio, já oferecem mais do que as 800 horas, em alguns casos já chegam muito perto da nova meta estabelecida pelo governo. Na escola pública, enquanto os docentes já são contratados por em média 200 horas aula, na rede privada esse número varia. Para cumprir com as novas medidas seria preciso contratar mais profissionais ou aumentar as horas trabalhadas por eles”, explica o presidente do Sinepe, José Ricardo Diniz. “Consequentemente o custo final seria repassado na mensalidade”, explica.
Outra preocupação com as mudanças no ensino médio seria a fragilização na contratação dos professores e na aplicação do conteúdo que ficaria à escolha do estudante. Seguindo a MP, 50% do conteúdo aplicado nas série finais de ensino ficarão a cargo do aluno, que escolherá uma área específica para estudo. “Ao total, os três anos do ensino médio somam 4.200 horas de ensino. Se dividirmos, aplicariamos durante 1 ano e meio os conteúdos estabelecidos pela Base Curricular do Ensino Médio(BNCC), que define a grade curricular comum às escolas. E como ficaria a aplicação dos outros 50% ? Passaria 1 ano e meio só com a área de conteúdo escolhida por ele ou teria isso aplicado em conjunto com as demais disciplinas?”, questiona Ricardo. A MP estabelece que o ensino regular não ultrapasse as 1200 h/a.
Com as novas áreas de ensino específicas para grupos de alunos há a “abertura ao desestímulo” na contratação de professores. O presidente do Sinepe resalva que as mudanças podem ampliar as contrataçoes por meio do “notório saber”, mecanismo que supre a exigência de título acadêmico.
Enem
A aplicação do Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio (Enem) também passa a ser questionada com as possíveis mudanças. Segundo Diniz, como o Enem é uma prova de conhecimentos gerais, “o aluno dedicaria parte do ensino médio a uma área específica e seria avaliado de forma geral para ingressar na universidade. Ele emenda: “não sabemos se o Enem vai mudar, se as faculdades irão abrir novos processos seletivos”.
Embora tenha sido publicada hoje, a MP da reforma do ensino médio só ganhará eficácia como lei após ser apreciada pelo Congresso Nacional no prazo de até 60 dias.
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